Runaway Youth.
The U.S. Department of Education defines a “runaway” as a youth who leaves home and stays away overnight without caretaker permission. The Department of Education further notes that a runaway chooses not to come home when expected. Greene et al., in a report published by the federal Department of Health and Human Services, add that a runaway is a youth who leaves home on his/her “volition without the consent of their caregiver.”
A consensus seems to have emerged in the literature among the various federal programs and national/local non-profit social service agencies to rely on data provided by the Department of Justice’s Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). The OJJDP has
published two separate reports entitled National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children more commonly referred to as NISMART. The first NISMART report was published in 1988 and NISMART II was released in 2002. In the spring of 2010 the OJJDP issued a call for proposals for an updated report, to be entitled NISMART III.
A runaway, according to NISMART II7, meets one of the following criteria:
• A child leaves home without permission and stays away overnight;
• A child 14 years old or younger (or older and mentally incompetent) who is away from home chooses not to come home when expected to and stays away overnight; or,
• A child 15 years old or older who is away from home chooses not to come home and stays away two nights.
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